Codeine Syrup

Codeine syrup is a prescription medicine that may contain codeine, an opioid medication, sometimes combined with other ingredients depending on the formulation. It has historically been used for certain types of cough or pain, although its approved uses and availability vary by country.

Codeine works partly by acting on opioid receptors in the nervous system. The body also converts some codeine into morphine, which contributes to its effects. Because people metabolize codeine differently, its effects can vary considerably from one person to another.

Codeine syrup can cause drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and impaired coordination. More seriously, excessive codeine can slow breathing and lead to unconsciousness, overdose, or death. The risk increases when it is combined with alcohol, sedatives, benzodiazepines, or other opioids.

Codeine can also cause tolerance, physical dependence, and addiction, particularly when it is misused or taken for extended periods. For these reasons, codeine-containing medicines should only be taken exactly as prescribed and should never be shared with another person.

Codeine syrup is sometimes associated with recreational mixtures commonly called “lean” or “purple drank.” This type of misuse can be particularly dangerous because opioid-related respiratory depression may occur, especially when other depressant substances are involved.

Anyone prescribed codeine should follow their healthcare professional’s instructions and the product label carefully. If someone becomes extremely sleepy, difficult to wake, confused, or has slow or difficult breathing after taking codeine, seek emergency medical assistance immediately.